Horticulture

Q. Name the main varieties of gapefruit?
Ans- Popular varieties of grapefruit are `Marsh Seedless’, ‘pink-fleshed’ `Foster’ and yellow-fleshed `Duncan’.

Q. Which climatic situation is best suited for Mandarian orange?
Ans- - Santra or mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata Balanco) grows successfully in all tropical and subtropical parts of the country. It is grown under rain-fed conditions in Coorg, Wynad tract, Palni Hills and the Nilgiris in the south between elevations of 600 and 1,500 metres. It can be grown successfully on a wide range of soils, but the ideal soil is medium or light loam with slightly heavier subsoil. Heavy black soil, underlain with murram and having good drainage, is also suitable.

Q. What are the main disease of spinach and how to control them?
Ans- Main diseases of spinach are Damping off and Sclerospora leaf spot. To protect the plant from damping off, seed should be treated with Captan or Theram at the rate of 2.5 gram/kg. While in Sclerosopra Leaf spot, (dark brown round spots appear on the leaf), spray of blitax, copperoxichloride (2gm/lt of water) should be done.

Q. What is the recommended dose of fertilizer and nutrient in brinjal?
Ans-It is advised that for a good yield, 20-25 tonnes of farmyard manure per hectare be incorporated into the soil at the time of its preparation. This is to be supplemented with 100 kg of nitrogen, 60-80 kg each of phosphoric acid and potassium. Half the dose of nitrogen and the full dose of phosphoric acid and potassium should be added to the soil at transplanting, and the rest top-dressed after about four weeks. The foliar application of 35 kg of nitrogen and 45 kg of phosphoric acid per hectare as 4 to 5 sprays is also recommended.

Q. What is the method of propagation and planting for apple?
Ans- Most of the apple cultivars especially of the delicious group and its spur types and colour strains need adequate cross pollination for optimal yields. Research on the proportion and distribution of pollinizers has indicated that 20-25% pollinizers are adequate for delicious group of varieties.

Q. What is the institutional support for floriculture?
Ans The Government plays a crucial role in physical planning, infrastructure creation, tax legislation and policies in respect of export oriented floriculture units through its various ministries and also provides subsidy through its specialized bodies like NHB and APEDA.
The tax legislative measures that are favorable to the Indian Floriculture industry are as follows:

• Zero import duties on import of plant materials and without the need of an import license.
• Duty free imports on certain components of green house structure.

Top