Pulses

Q. Mention the wilt resistant varieties of Gram.
Ans-Major breeding lines viz. 92-71, H 94-8, PS 1, GL 91059, GL 93018, GL 94059, BG 244, Avrodhi and Phule G-5 are identified as moderately resistant to wilt

Q. which biopesticide can be used for control of Gram pod borer?
Ans- Biopesticide namely Ha-NPV, Halt, Dipel DF and Bt have been quite effective in controlling pod borer.

Q. what are the recommended practices of weed management in gram?
Ans- Gram being a dwarf stature of crop suffers severl;y infestation of weeds. One hand weeding or interculture with hand hoe or wheel hoe after 25-30 days and second if needed after 60 days of sowing may take care of weeds. Basalin 1 kg ai/ha in 800-1000 litres of water as pre-planting spray may be used as effective herbicide. It should be well incorporated in soil before sowing. 2.5 kg tribunil in 800-1000 litres of water per hectare may also be used as a pre emergence spray. Hand weeding or interculture with the help of hoe is always better than herbicides because interculture operations improve aeration in the soil.

Q. Name the different varieties of pigeonpea resistant to pod fly, sterility mosaic and wilt.
Ans-Different varieties released by ICAR namely KPL 43, KMPL 44 and KPL 43 are resistant to wilt and sterility mosaic. PDA 89.2 E and MA 3 are resistant to pod fly.

Q. Which is most harmful pest for pigeonpea crop?
Ans- However, the most damaging pests of this crop are pod-borer (Helicoverpa armigera) and the podfly (Melanogromyza obtusa). Pod-borer damages crop in southern and central India. However, the damage by this pest has also been noticed in north India in recent years. The extra short-duration varieties tha are harvested during September-October are heavily attacked by the pod-borer and the medium-duration genotypes which are harvested in November-December are more severely damaged (90% in some years). Podfly damages the crop only in north.

Q. what is method of controlling pod borer and pod fly.
Ans Pod Borer: Control measures include use of nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) at 250 LE/ha along with 0.001% teepol, 0.1% boric acid and 0.5% jaggery, and neemseed extract at 5%. The commercial preparations nimbecidine, Oncol and Neem Guard have also been found effective
Pod fly- Monocrotophos 0.04% was found most effective against this pest. In integrated pest management planting of PDA 89-2E, a resistant genotype against podfly, along with Bahar resulted in reduction in damage in the susceptible cultivar (Bahar).

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